One of the major challenges facing wildlife conservation in the rangeland is the increasing loss of dispersal areas due to increased farming and settlement which is exacerbated by the on going subdivision of group ranches. The rangeland is increasingly being fragmented as wildlife corridors are cut off by development; a factor that could lead to concentration of wildlife in the protected areas and subsequent ecological degradation. For instance, the dispersal areas south of the Amboseli National park and the Kitenden wildlife corridor linking Amboseli to Kilimanjaro forest is threatened by increased settlement. Similarly, settlement along the Loitokitok Pipeline and farming on the lower slopes of the Chyulus Hills threatens to severe migrations between Amboseli and Tsavo West through Mbirikani and Kuku group ranches, as well as access to the Chyulus. In addition, irrigated farms and fences around Namelok and Kimana and settlement and sedentarization elsewhere in the ecosystem threaten continued wildlife migrations and especially elephant movements to and from Amboseli.

In order to secure critical wildlife dispersal areas and corridors in the rangelands, there is need to collaborate with group ranch members and other stakeholders in identifying and mapping critical wildlife dispersal areas and corridors required to maintain a minimum viable conservation area. These areas are then set aside as dry season grazing areas for livestock i.e. ‘grass banks’, to be resorted to during extreme drought or harvesting the grass for hay. However, the grass banks doubles as wildlife conservation areas and tourism enterprises to earn revenue to the local community. In areas that are severely eroded, reseeding of grass and trees is undertaken.